System-Based Clinical Branches

Focus on specific organs or body systems

CARDIOLOGY Heart and blood vessels
PULMONOLOGY Lungs and respiratory tract
GASTROENTEROLOGY Digestive system
NEPHROLOGY Kidneys and urinary system
NEUROLOGY Brain, spinal cord & nerves
ENDOCRINOLOGY Hormones & glands
HEMATOLOGY Blood and blood disorders
RHEUMATOLOGY Joints, muscles & autoimmune
DERMATOLOGY Skin, hair & nails
OPHTHALMOLOGY Eyes and vision
OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY (ENT) Ear, nose, throat & head-neck
PSYCHIATRY Mental health & behavior

Diagnostic & Laboratory Medicine

Detect, confirm and monitor diseases

PATHOLOGY Lab tests & biopsies
RADIOLOGY X-rays, CT, MRI, Imaging
MICROBIOLOGY Infectious agents & fungi
BIOCHEMISTRY Enzyme & metabolic studies
MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS Genetic tests, sequencing
NUCLEAR MEDICINE PET scan, functional imaging

How Medical Branches Are Connected

Diagnose & Treat Together
Refer / Collaborate
Support / Enhance Care
Prevent / Promote Health
Rehabilitate / Restore Function

PRIMARY CARE & GENERAL MEDICINE

First point of contact for patients. Diagnoses, treats common illnesses and coordinates care with specialists.

ALL MEDICAL
BRANCHES

Different Specialties,
One Goal: Better Health for All

Preventive & Community Medicine

Prevent diseases, promote health and manage public health

COMMUNITY MEDICINE Public health & health programs
EPIDEMIOLOGY Study of disease patterns
PUBLIC HEALTH Sanitation, water, nutrition
OCCUPATIONAL MED. Workplace safety
HEALTH ADMIN. Hospital management

Surgical Branches

Treat diseases through operative procedures

GENERAL SURGERY Abdomen, hernia, appendix
CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY Heart, lungs, and chest organs
NEUROSURGERY Brain, spine & nervous system tumors
ORTHOPEDICS Bones, joints, fractures
UROLOGY Urinary tract & stones
PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE Reconstructive and burn surgeries
OPHTHALMIC SURGERY Cataract, LASIK, and eye surgeries
ENT SURGERY Tonsil, sinus & head-neck surgeries
PAEDIATRIC SURGERY Surgical care for infants and children
VASCULAR SURGERY Blood vessels, bypass

Supportive & Allied Health Sciences

Support treatment, recovery and overall care

ANAESTHESIOLOGY Pain & critical care
EMERGENCY MEDICINE Urgent & trauma care
PHYSIOTHERAPY Rehabilitation & mobility
NUTRITION & DIETETICS Diet plans & therapy
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Therapy & behavioral assessment
SPEECH & LANGUAGE Speech & swallowing
MEDICAL SOCIAL WORK Emotional & social support
PALLIATIVE MEDICINE End-of-life care

How They Work Together: Patient Journey

1. PREVENTION Community Medicine promotes healthy living
2. EARLY DETECTION Primary Care & Diagnostics identify problems early
3. SPECIALIZED CARE Physicians & Surgeons treat the condition
4. SUPPORT & RECOVERY Allied health & Rehabilitation restore function
5. FOLLOW-UP CARE Ongoing monitoring & disease prevention

Many branches, one mission:

To prevent disease, save lives, relieve suffering and promote health for individuals and society.